Evaluation of Azygous Vein Aneurysm Using Integrated PET/MRI

A previously healthy, non-smoking, 72-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with abnormal chest X-ray and chest discomfort. A 3.5-cm, well-defined, right paratracheal mass was revealed on non-contrast chest computed tomography (CT), which was suspected to be an azygous vein aneurysm, lymph adenopathy or neurogenic tumor. Whole-body integrated positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) (Biograph mMR; Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany) was performed for the differential diagnosis. A homogenously enhancing mass connected with the azygous vein was well visualized in a post-contrast volumetric interpolated gradient echo (VIBE) sequence (Fig. 1). Add i t i ona l ly, t he PET showed min ima l 1 F fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake (maximum standardized uptake value [SUVmax], 1.83), similar to that of the great vessels, with no filling defect to suggest thromboembolism and no significant FDG uptake to suggest active thromboNucl Med Mol Imaging (2014) 48:161–162 DOI 10.1007/s13139-013-0250-4