Laser speckle techniques in quality evaluation of orange fruits

This work presents a study of a new technology applied in quality tests of oranges. Evaluations were performed using a nondestructive and noninvasive method based on the interpretation of an optical phenomenon that occurs when the fruit is illuminated with coherent light, referred as biospeckle. The speckle patterns of laser light scattered in orange fruits have been measured through their quantification. For the quantification of the variation by biospeckle, the autocorrelation function and the modified occurrence matrix were used. From these functions, two parameters were obtained: the statistical cummulant and the moment of inertia, calculated from the modified occurrence matrix. These values were used as quality and senescence indicators for the specimens and were compared with other parameters, as total soluble solids, total acidity, the penetration force and the storage period. It was observed that the moment of inertia and statistical cummulant decrease during the storage period. Since senescence is dependent on the storage period, it was possible to observe that the measure of the dynamic speckle varies for fruits as their quality decrease, and also the values change with the position where the images are taken.