Chemical composition of aboriginal peanut {Arachis hypogaea L) seeds from Uruguay

نویسندگان

  • Nelson R. Grosso
  • Enrique I. Lucini
  • Carlos A. Guzman
چکیده

Se han estudiado los contenidos en aceite, proteína, hidrato de carbono y ceniza, índice de yodo y composición en ácidos grasos y esteróles en semillas de 9 cultivares aborígenes Arachis hypogaea subsp. fastigiata var. vulgaris originarios de Uruguay. Estos mostraron un nivel alto en proteína como las otras variedades de la subespecie fastigiata (estos porcentajes en proteína son mayores que en las variedades de la subespecie hypogaea). Se detectaron los ácidos palmltico (16:0), esteárico (18:0), oleico (18:1), linoleico (18:2), araquídico (20:0), eicosenoico (20:1), behénico (22:0) y lignocérico (24:0). El cultivar 7 Uv mostró el mayor contenido en ácido oleico (42. 53%) y en la relación oleico/linoleico (1.09). Los cultivares 2 Uv y 5 Uv tuvieron los mayores porcentajes en ácido linoleico (43.67% y 43.40%, respectivamente). El cultivar 3 Uv y el 4 Uv exhibieron los más bajos índices de yodo (104.90 y 104.73, respectivamente). En los esteróles se detectaron colesterol, campesterol, estigmasterol, p-sitosterol, A^-avenasterol, A^-estigmasteroI y A -̂ avenasterol; siendo el p-sitosterol el más abundante. Sólo se encontró diferencias significativas para el estigmasterol. La calidad química de estas semillas se caracterizó por sus mayores niveles en proteína y aceites con la más baja relación oleico/linoleico y los mayores índices de yodo.

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تاریخ انتشار 2009