Smoking and non-allergic sinonasal disease
نویسندگان
چکیده
Background The association between smoking and lower airway inflammation and disease is well documented; however, it is not established whether smoking also induces disease of the upper airways. In a previous study, we found nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) to be associated with smoking in a dose-dependent manner; in addition, asthma and chronic bronchitis were linked with NAR. In the present study, we re-test the hypothesis that smoking can cause nonallergic sinonasal disease.
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