Designing, Implementing, and Evaluating Intuitive & Interactive Lighting Simulation Tools

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x 1. Motivation for a Spatially Augmented Reality Tangible User Interface with a Distributed Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Spatially Augmented Reality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Tangible User Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.3 The Intersection of Two Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.4 Description of System Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.4.1 The Virtual Heliodon: A Spatially Augmented Reality Tangible User Interface for Architectural Daylighting Design . . . . . . . . 3 1.4.2 Daylighting Use Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.4.3 Board Game Augmented with Textures and Gameplay Information: The ARmy Game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.5 System Application: Architectural Daylighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.6 System Application: Board Games . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1.7 Overview of Thesis and Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2. Related Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.1 Tangible User Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.1.1 History of Tangible User Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.1.2 Virtual Windows Into a Scene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.1.3 Validating Input and Output Devices as Useful and Intuitive . . . 15 2.1.4 Adding or Changing Functionality for Existing Interfaces . . . . . 17 2.1.5 Detection and Viewing Technology for Tangible User Interfaces . 19 2.1.6 Studying Communication and Perception . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.2 Evaluating User Interaction with User Studies and Statistical Analysis . . 23 2.3 Alternative Projection Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.4 Daylighting Simulation Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.4.1 Daylighting Metrics and Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2.4.2 Heliodons: A Physical Daylighting Simulation Tool . . . . . . . 31 2.5 Summary of Prior Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33