Control of pig vaccine safety trought adjuvant design and vaccination protocol: example of a divalent Pasteurella multocida toxin and Bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine
نویسندگان
چکیده
The vaccination of pigs with inactivated antigen requires adjuvanted vaccines. In general, two kinds of adjuvant are used to enhance the immunogenic properties of an antigen: aluminium salts or oil-based formulas [1, 9]. Aluminium salts often fail to induce a long-term response or a cellular immune response [7]. Emulsified vaccines are frequently used in pigs as they induce a long-lasting immune response [3]. However, they are also known to induce side effects [5]. General side effects, such as fever, abortion and loss of appetite, or local side effects such as transient lesions (e.g. local oedema) or abscesses can be observed. These adverse effects may result in reduction of the productive performance or carcass quality, causing economic losses. This highlights the need to improve the tolerance, either local or general, of oily Control of pig vaccine safety trought adjuvant design and vaccination protocol: example of a divalent Pasteurella multocida toxin and Bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine
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