Epidemiology of oral cancer in Arab countries
نویسندگان
چکیده
OBJECTIVES To review the oral cancer (OC) studies that were conducted in Arab countries with regard to epidemiology, risk factors, and prognosis. METHODS A computer-based PubMed literature search was performed to retrieve studies conducted in the Arab world on epidemiology of OC. After screening for exclusion criteria, cross-referencing, and searching local journals, a total of 19 articles were included. RESULTS Eight prevalence studies found an OC prevalence ranging from 1.8 to 2.13 per 100,000 persons. Oral cancer patients were mostly in their fifth to sixth decade of life, and the incidence in younger age was reported in some Arab countries. Yemenis have an alarming high prevalence of OC among people younger than 45 years. Eleven studies explored determinants or prognosis of OC. Behavioral determinants such as smokeless tobacco (Shamma and Qat), and cigarette smoking were strongly associated with OC. Alcohol drinking and solar radiation exposures were cited as possible risk factors. The most affected sites were tongue, floor of the mouth, and lower lip variations in the affected site were attributed to the socio-cultural behavior of the populations under study. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequently detected cancer, and usually patients were in late stages (III and IV) at the time of diagnosis. CONCLUSION No solid evidence exists regarding the true OC prevalence/incidence in most Arab countries due to the lack of national cancer registries and population-based studies.
منابع مشابه
Epidemiology of Oral Cavity Cancers in a Country Located in the Esophageal Cancer Belt: A Case Control Study
Introduction: As one of the most common cancers among head and neck malignancies, cancer of the oral cavity probably has some variations in countries with a high prevalence of esophageal cancer. Materials and Methods: Patients with oral cavity cancer who were treated at two tertiary referral centers from January 1999 to January 2009 were included in this study. In addition to demographic data,...
متن کاملEpidemiology of oral and pharyngeal cancers: A retrospective study in Kermanshah, Iran
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and relative frequency of oral and pharyngeal cancers in Kermanshah, Iran, from March 1993 until March 2006.METHODS: The data used in this epidemiologic study were extracted directly from pathology records registered in 12 (all) public and private pathology centers of Kermanshah province during the 13-year study period. Th...
متن کاملEpidemiology of Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer at the National Cancer Institute, Cairo
Background: The epidemiology of oral and pharyngeal cancer has not been studied adequately in Egypt and other Arab countries. Many studies indicated the low survival of this cancer and delay in the diagnosis although it is easy to detect early without sophisticated equipments. Objectives: To determine the epidemiological characteristics and the risk factors of oral and pharyngeal cancer among a...
متن کاملContribution of Arab countries to breast cancer research: comparison with non-Arab Middle Eastern countries
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancers affecting women worldwide. The main objective of this study was to assess and compare research activity in breast cancer in Arab countries with non-Arab Middle Eastern countries. METHODS Publications about "breast cancer" as a research topic were retrieved using the ISI Web of Science database. Analysis was confined to origin...
متن کاملEpidemiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus among Arab children.
In this article, the epidemiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus among Arab children (<15 years) living in Arab and non-Arab countries is reviewed. These data include the incidence, prevalence and etiopathogenic factors including genetics, environmental factors as well as autoimmune disease markers aside from clinical presentation at onset. The review is based on the information from publications ...
متن کامل