Mitral Valvuloplasty for Isolated Congenital Mitral Valve Regurgitation

Mitral valve regurgitation (MR) is uncommon as an isolated lesion in congenital heart disease. In 1995, we encountered two children with congenital isolated MR complicated with heart failure, and both underwent valvuloplastic surgery. Resection and/or plication of the redundant leaflets combined with annuloplasty for the dilated annulus successfully restored the valve competency. Traditionally prosthetic valve replacements have been performed for this condition; however, as a prosthetic valve inhibits annular growth in children, a gradual progression of mitral stenosis is the main problem later in life. Valvuloplasty allows the growth of the valve apparatus, and moreover, does not require postoperatively the troublesome life-long anticoagulation therapy. Valvuloplasty in congenital MR is enabled with a precise application of reconstructive techniques, and should be the procedure of choice for pediatric patients.