Factors affecting stone free rate of primary percutaneous nephrolithotomy on staghorn calculi: a single center experience of 15 years [version 2; referees: 2 approved]

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy on staghorn calculi is challenging Objectives: for urologists because it is difficult to remove all of the stones. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associated factors of stone-free rate after primary percutaneous nephrolithotomy on staghorn calculi in a large series of patients at a single, tertiary referral, endourologic stone center. We collected data from medical record between January 2000 and Methods: December 2015. A total of 345 primary percutaneous nephrolithotomy procedures were performed for patients with staghorn calculi. This study included both and made no distinction between partial and complete staghorn calculi. Stone-free is defined as the absence of residual stones after undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the first time. Significant factors from univariate analysis that correlated with stone-free rate after primary percutaneous nephrolithotomy of staghorn stone were further analyzed using multivariate regression analysis. The mean patient age was 52.23±10.38 years. The stone-free rate of Results: percutaneous nephrolithotomy monotherapy was 62.6%. The mean operating time was 79.55±34.46 minutes. The mean length of stay in hospital was 4.29±3.00 days. Using the chi-square test, history of ipsilateral open renal stone surgery ( = 0.01), stone burden ( = < 0.001), and type of anesthesia ( p p p = 0.04) had a significant impact on the stone-free. From multivariate analysis, the history of ipsilateral open renal stone surgery [OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.28-0.81; p 0.01] and the stone burden [OR 0.28; 95% CI 0.18-0.45; 0.00] were p significant independent risk factors for stone-free. Widi Atmoko ( ), Ponco Birowo ( ) Corresponding authors: [email protected] [email protected] Atmoko W, Birowo P and Rasyid N. How to cite this article: Factors affecting stone free rate of primary percutaneous nephrolithotomy on 2016, :2106 (doi: staghorn calculi: a single center experience of 15 years [version 2; referees: 2 approved] F1000Research 5 ) 10.12688/f1000research.9509.2 © 2016 Atmoko W . This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the , which Copyright: et al Creative Commons Attribution Licence permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Data associated with the article are available under the terms of the (CC0 1.0 Public domain dedication). Creative Commons Zero "No rights reserved" data waiver The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work. Grant information: Competing interests: No competing interests were disclosed. 30 Aug 2016, :2106 (doi: ) First published: 5 10.12688/f1000research.9509.1 Referee Status: