Segmented golden ratio radial reordering for dynamic cardiac MRI with variable temporal resolution

Background Golden angle radial reordering (GA) has been applied in many abdominal and neurological imaging applications to allow for retrospective choice of temporal resolution by providing a near-uniform k-space sampling within any image reconstruction time window [1]. However, its application in cardiac imaging is limited because the ECG-gated acquisition, which is required in most cases, breaks a single reconstruction window into several temporally isolated k-space data so that the k-space coverage may not be as uniform as GA without ECG gating (Fig. 1a) [2]. Therefore, we sought to investigate the image artifacts caused by applying GA to ECG-gated cardiac imaging and propose a segmented GA method to address this issue.