Comparative analysis of Streptococcus pneumoniae transmission in Portuguese and Finnish day-care centres
نویسندگان
چکیده
BACKGROUND Day-care centre (DCC) attendees play a central role in maintaining the circulation of Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) in the population. The prevalence of pneumococcal carriage is highest in DCC attendees but varies across countries and is found to be consistently lower in Finland than in Portugal. We compared key parameters underlying pneumococcal transmission in DCCs to understand which of these contributed to the observed differences in carriage prevalence. METHODS Longitudinal data about serotype-specific carriage in DCC attendees in Portugal (47 children in three rooms; mean age 2 years; range 1-3 years) and Finland (91 children in seven rooms; mean age 4 years; range 1-7 years) were analysed with a continuous-time event history model in a Bayesian framework. The monthly rates of within-room transmission, community acquisition and clearing carriage were estimated. RESULTS The posterior mean of within-room transmission rate was 1.05 per month (Portugal) vs. 0.63 per month (Finland). The smaller rate of clearance in Portugal (0.57 vs. 0.73 per month) is in accordance with the children being younger. The overall community rate of acquisition was larger in the Portuguese setting (0.25 vs. 0.11 per month), in agreement with that the groups belonged to a larger DCC. The model adequately predicted the observed levels of carriage prevalence and longitudinal patterns in carriage acquisition and clearance. CONCLUSIONS The difference in prevalence of carriage (61% in Portuguese vs. 26% among Finnish DCC attendees) was assigned to the longer duration of carriage in younger attendees and a significantly higher rate of within-room transmission and community acquisition in the Portuguese setting.
منابع مشابه
Clustering of serotypes in a longitudinal study of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in three day care centres
BACKGROUND Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) causes a wide range of clinical manifestations that together constitute a major burden of disease worldwide. The main route of pneumococcal transmission is through asymptomatic colonisation of the nasopharynx. Studies of transmission are currently of general interest because of the impact of the new conjugate-polysaccharide vaccines on nasophar...
متن کاملOutbreaks of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in day care cohorts in Finland – implications for elimination of transmission
BACKGROUND Day care centre (DCC) attendees play a central role in maintaining the circulation of Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) in the population. Exposure within families and within DCCs are the main risk factors for colonisation with pneumococcal serotypes in DCC attendees. METHODS Transmission of serotype specific carriage was analysed with a continuous time event history model, b...
متن کاملStreptococcus pneumoniae isolates in healthy children attending day-care centers in 12 states in Mexico.
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is a major factor in the transmission of this bacterium. MATERIAL AND METHODS Nasopharyngeal cultures were performed on children attending 32 day-care centers in 12 states in Mexico. RESULTS Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated from the nasopharynx of 8...
متن کاملAntimicrobial susceptibility and analysis of macrolide resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated in Hamadan
Objective(s): Macrolide resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae pose an emerging problem globally. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ermB and mefA genes (macrolide resistant genes) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and to detect drug resistance patterns of S. pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples to macrolides and other antibiotic agents by E-test method. Materia...
متن کاملEstimating the transmission dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae from strain prevalence data.
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a typical commensal bacterium causing severe diseases. Its prevalence is high among young children attending day care units, due to lower levels of acquired immunity and a high rate of infectious contacts between the attendees. Understanding the population dynamics of different strains of S.pneumoniae is necessary, for example, for making successful predictions of ch...
متن کامل