GABAA Receptor 5 Subunits Contribute to GABAA,slow Synaptic Inhibition in Mouse Hippocampus

Zarnowska ED, Keist R, Rudolph U, Pearce RA. GABAA receptor 5 subunits contribute to GABAA,slow synaptic inhibition in mouse hippocampus. J Neurophysiol 101: 1179–1191, 2009. First published December 10, 2008; doi:10.1152/jn.91203.2008. -Aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor 5 subunits, which are heavily expressed in the hippocampus, are potential drug targets for improving cognitive function. They are found at synaptic and extrasynaptic sites and have been shown to mediate tonic inhibition in pyramidal neurons. We tested the hypothesis that 5 subunits also contribute to synaptic inhibition by measuring the effect of diazepam (DZ) on spontaneous and stimulus-evoked inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) in genetically modified mice carrying a point mutation in the 5 subunit ( 5-H105R) that renders those receptors insensitive to benzodiazepines. In wild type mice, DZ (1 M) increased the amplitude of spontaneous IPSCs (sIPSCs) and stimulus-evoked GABAA,slow IPSCs (eIPSCs) and prolonged the decay of GABAA,fast sIPSCs. In 5-mutant mice, DZ increased the amplitude of a small-amplitude subset of sIPSCs ( 50 pA) and eIPSCs ( 300 pA) GABAA,slow and prolonged the decay of GABAA,fast sIPSCs, but failed to increase the amplitude of larger sIPSCs and eIPSCs GABAA,slow. These results indicate that 5 subunits contribute to a large-amplitude subset of GABAA,slow synapses and implicate these synapses in modulation of cognitive function by drugs that target 5 subunits.