The odds ratio: Principles and applications

The Principles and Recent Applications of Bioelectrocatalysis

Bioelectrocatalysis is a phenomenon concerned with biological catalysts, which accelerate the electrochemical reactions. Bioelectrocatalysis has been widely explored by the research community in various directions. Enzymes can catalyze different chemical reactions in living organisms by enzymes as the most important biological catalysts. These enzymatic biocatalysts are commercially available a...

Odds Ratio, Hazard Ratio and Relative Risk

Odds ratio (OR) is a statistic commonly encountered in professional or scientific medical literature. Most readers perceive it as relative risk (RR), although most of them do not know why that would be true. But since such perception is mostly correct, there is nothing (or almost nothing) wrong with that. It is nevertheless useful to be reminded now and then what is the relation between the rel...

Statistics notes. The odds ratio.

In recent years odds ratios have become widely used in medical reports—almost certainly some will appear in today’s BMJ. There are three reasons for this. Firstly, they provide an estimate (with confidence interval) for the relationship between two binary (“yes or no”) variables. Secondly, they enable us to examine the effects of other variables on that relationship, using logistic regression. ...

Prevalence odds ratio v prevalence ratio.

Small interfering RNA; principles, applications and challenges--

Gene silencing using RNAi (RNA interference), has recently been used as a successful laboratory technique in determining the function and control of gene expression and provides a wide range of applications in molecular biology and gene therapy. RNAi is a method of suppressing gene expression. In this direction, a single-stranded RNA molecule of about 21–23 nucleotides, called siRNA (small inte...