The association between cholesterol remnants and cardiac structure and function

Abstract Background Cardiac disease is the most common cause of death in Europe and a rising problem globally. Recently, causal relationship between ischemic heart cholesterol remnants has been suggested by genetic studies. Additionally, new studies have shown that were independently related to later development individuals free known disease. Finally, patients suffering from type 1 diabetes, one study demonstrated an association cardiac function indicating early signs pathology. Purpose To investigate whether are associated with alterations structure function, as evaluated sensitive echocardiographic measures, general population without Methods The sample consisted 3,792 participants cohort All had blood samples withdrawn for analysis examined comprehensive echocardiography including both conventional measurements two-dimensional speckle tracking analysis. Cholesterol remnant levels calculated lipid analyses non-fasting venous using following formula: = total-cholesterol − HDL-cholesterol LDL-cholesterol. Results In multivariable increasing significant decrease left ventricular ejection fraction (β=−0.686, P=0.001), E/A ratio (β=−0.109, P<0.001) global longitudinal strain (β=−1.195 P=0.014) (Figure 1). model was adjusted age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes smoking status. This significantly stronger than LDL difference regarding LVEF (cholesterol remnants: β=−0.158, (LDL: β=−0.016, P=0.353). (IVSd, LVIDd, LVPWd, LVMi RWT) univariable analysis, but these associations attenuated after adjustment. Conclusion disease, expressed impaired systolic diastolic present remnants. LDL-cholesterol levels. findings support need testing treatment options aimed specifically at remnants, also population. Funding Acknowledgement Type funding sources: None.