Secondary disturbance following a deposit of volcanic tephra: a 30-year record from old-growth forest understory
نویسندگان
چکیده
Forest disturbance is usually described by effects on trees, and small disturbances to forest understory are seldom studied. Nevertheless, effective analyses of succession need consider both stand-replacing subsequent “secondary” in the canopy understory. We estimated characteristics 13 types secondary old-growth understory, as well change cover, after deposition tephra (aerially transported volcanic ejecta) 1980 from Mount St. Helens, Washington. sampled 100 plots (1 m 2 ) at each four sites for vegetation 10 different times 2010; we tree above plot 2016. The number gaps increased 23% mean gap dimension 68% over 36 years, mostly loss Abies amabilis (Douglas ex Loudon) Douglas Forbes. Secondary affected 1.4% stand area per year. areas soil woody litter were similar. Erosion, greater deep than shallow tephra, peaked 1981, whereas most litter-caused 2000. Less frequent litter-based covered area. Our results differ conclusions about nonvolcanic disturbances. variable, more study, likely affect many other systems.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Canadian Journal of Forest Research
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['0045-5067', '1208-6037']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2020-0473