Optimal Spatial Signal Design for mmWave Positioning Under Imperfect Synchronization

We consider the problem of spatial signal design for multipath-assisted mmWave positioning under limited prior knowledge on user’s location and clock bias. propose an optimal robust and, based low-dimensional precoder structure perfect knowledge, a codebook-based heuristic with optimized beam power allocation. Through numerical results, we characterize different position-error-bound (PEB) regimes respect to bias uncertainty show that proposed low-complexity designs outperform conventional directional codebook achieve near-optimal PEB performance both analog digital architectures.