Non-GMI Ganglioside-Targeting Bacterial Toxins and Derivatives with Mucosal Adjuvant Activity

The Rho GTPase activators CNF1 and DNT bacterial toxins have mucosal adjuvant properties.

Cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1) from uropathogenic Escherichia coli belongs to a family of factors activating Rho GTPases. We report the in vivo effects of CNF1 in mice co-fed toxin and the soluble protein antigen ovalbumin (OVA). Similar to cholera toxin, CNF1 elicits adjuvanticity anti-OVA responses, both systemic and mucosal. In contrast, the catalytic inactive mutant CNF1-C866S demons...

A bacterial flagellin, Vibrio vulnificus FlaB, has a strong mucosal adjuvant activity to induce protective immunity.

Flagellin, the structural component of flagellar filament in various locomotive bacteria, is the ligand for Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) of host cells. TLR stimulation by various pathogen-associated molecular patterns leads to activation of innate and subsequent adaptive immune responses. Therefore, TLR ligands are considered attractive adjuvant candidates in vaccine development. In this study, ...

The bacterial second messenger cdiGMP exhibits promising activity as mucosal adjuvant

The bacterial second messenger cdiGMP exhibits promising activity as a mucosal adjuvant. Abstract The development of mucosal adjuvants is still a critical need in vaccinology. In the present work we show that bis-(3′,5′)-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (cdiGMP), a second messenger that modulates cell surface properties of several microorganisms , exerts potent activity as mucosal adjuvan...

The bacterial second messenger cdiGMP exhibits promising activity as a mucosal adjuvant.

The development of mucosal adjuvants is still a critical need in vaccinology. In the present work, we show that bis(3',5')-cyclic dimeric GMP (cdiGMP), a second messenger that modulates cell surface properties of several microorganisms, exerts potent activity as a mucosal adjuvant. BALB/c mice were immunized intranasally with the model antigen beta-galactosidase (beta-Gal) coadministered with c...

Adjuvant Exhibits Promising Activity as a Mucosal The Bacterial Second Messenger cdiGMP