Metastatic renal cell cancer--is the outlook really improving?

Metastatic renal cell cancer--is the outlook really improving?

Metastatic renal cell cancer

Targeted therapy is the treatment of choice in patients with metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) at most institutions although a combination of cytokine therapy and targeted therapy still is being investigated. Morphological size-based criteria (RECIST) has failed in monitoring the effect of targeted therapy in patients with mRCC, as successful therapy often does not result in a decrease in tum...

Immunotherapy of metastatic renal cell cancer.

BACKGROUND The management of metastatic renal cancer remains a therapeutic challenge. Conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy is rarely effective, and the most promising approaches appear to lie in the field of immunotherapy. METHODS The authors review the literature regarding current and investigational immunotherapy approaches to the management of metastatic renal cancer. RESULTS The mechanis...

Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma to the Humerus Bone: A Report of Two Cases

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an aggressive malignancy which can metastasize to the bone. Long bones or the small bones of the limbs could be rarely the destinations for metastatic RCCs. We report two cases of metastatic RCC to the humerus bone with the initial presentation of pathological fracture. The pathologists must be aware of metastatic RCC to the arm and consider it in the differential ...

Metastatic Renal cell Carcinoma Presenting as a clear-cell Tumor in Tongue: A Case Report

Introduction: Metastatic lesions of the oral cavity are extremely rare, accounting for approximately 1% of all malignant oral tumors. The most common primary sources of metastatic tumors in the oral region are, from the most to the least common, the breast, lung, kidney, bone, and colon. Renal cell carcinoma accounts for nearly 3% of all adult malignancies. It usually metastasizes to the lungs,...