Is the Concept of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli as a Single Pathotype Fundamentally Flawed?

Is the Concept of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli as a Single Pathotype Fundamentally Flawed?

Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a major pathogen within the poultry industry. However disease, especially in broiler chickens, may be caused by range of E. coli genotypes that carry few, if any, virulence factors associated with APEC. Furthermore, commensal E. coli in the intestines of healthy birds may carry an array of APEC virulence factors suggesting they have potential to cause...

Is the Trusted Computing Base Concept Fundamentally Flawed?

This debate was conceived by Carl Landwehr, who asked me to serve as moderator. The proposition under discussion was first put forward by Bill Wulf in the JavaSoft Forum 1.1 (http://java.sun.com/forum/securityForum.html). Wulf objects to the JavaSoft security model, which aims to protect user files, network connections! and other resources from malicious applets by restricting applets to execut...

papA gene of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli.

P fimbrial adhesins may be associated with the virulence of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). However, most APECs are unable to express P fimbriae even when they are grown under conditions that favor P fimbrial expression. This failure can be explained by the complete absence of the pap operon or the presence of an incomplete pap operon in Pap-negative APEC strains. In the present study...

Breast Muscle Characteristics of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli Infected Broilers Fed with Antibiotics or Probiotic

The study was conducted to evaluate the impact of feeding multistrain probiotic on breast muscle characteristics of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) infected broilers. Three hundred and thirty six Lohmann MB-202 day-old-chicks were divided to four treatment groups, including CNTRL (chicks receiving basal diet and not infected), APEC (chicks receiving basal diet and infected with APEC), ...

Identification and Purification of F11 Fimbriae on Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli