Hydrological modeling with special reference to snow cover processes

Modeling of Processes of Snow Cover Formation and Snowmelt

The chapter contains the general information on snow properties and main processes which occur in snow pack during cold period and during snowmelt. The models of hydrothermal processes and heat and moisture transfer in the dry and melting snow pack are described. The methods of calculation of snowmelt rate based on the energy budget of snow pack have been reviewed. To interpolate the spatial di...

Deposition processes of ionic constituents to snow cover

Computation and brain processes, with special reference to neuroendocrine systems.

The development of neural networks and brain automata has made neuroscientists aware that the performance limits of these brain-like devices lies, at least in part, in their computational power. The computational basis of a. standard cybernetic design, in fact, refers to that of a discrete and finite state machine or Turing Machine (TM). In contrast, it has been suggested that a number of human...

Snow Cover

Snow cover is a layer of snow on the earth’s surface, which is mainly results from snowfalls. The snow cover can be temporary, when a snow melts during several hours or days after its formation, and it can be stable, when it remains for the whole winter or with short interruptions. The snow cover formation on the globe is determined (conditioned) by the geographical zonality, surface relief, an...

On Springback Prediction With Special Reference To Constitutive Modeling

The springback phenomenon that occur in thin metal sheets after forming is mainly a stress driven problem, and the magnitude is roughly proportional to the ratio between the magnitude of the residual stresses after forming and Young’s modulus. An accurate prediction of residual stresses puts, however, high demands on the material modeling. A phenomenological plasticity model is made up of sever...