Generic Seebeck effect from spin entropy

How magnetism affects the Seebeck effect is an important issue widely concerned in thermoelectric community yet remaining elusive. Based on a thermodynamic analysis of spin degrees freedom varied $d$-electron based ferro- and anti-ferromagnets, we demonstrate that itinerant or partially magnetic compounds there exists generic contribution to over extended temperature range from slightly below well above transition temperature. This interpreted as resulting transport entropy (partially) delocalized conducting $d$ electrons with strong thermal fluctuations, even semiquantitatively single-band case, addition conventional diffusion part arising their kinetic freedom. As highly effect, spin-dependent might pave feasible way efficient "magnetic thermoelectrics".