Effect of different concentrations of papain gel on orthodontic bracket bonding

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Effect of different concentrations of papain gel on orthodontic bracket bonding

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to verify the hypothesis that enamel deproteinization with papain gel at concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% increases shear bond strength as concentration increases. METHODS A total of 180 bovine mandibular permanent incisors were used, divided into six groups (n=30), and denominated as follows: group 1 is the control group (CG) in which brack...

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effect of oral presentation on development of l2 learners grammar

this experimental study has been conducted to test the effect of oral presentation on the development of l2 learners grammar. but this oral presentation is not merely a deductive instruction of grammatical points, in this presentation two hypotheses of krashen (input and low filter hypotheses), stevicks viewpoints on grammar explanation and correction and widdowsons opinion on limited use of l1...

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In vitro orthodontic bracket bonding to porcelain.

This in vitro study investigated the influence of using different combinations of bracket, adhesive, and light-curing source on the tensile bond strength to porcelain and on failure patterns at debonding. Tensile tests were performed using: one ceramic bracket versus one metal bracket, two orthodontic composites; type bisphenol A-glycidyldimethacrylate and urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), and fo...

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Effect of Lactic Acid Etching on Bonding Effectiveness of Orthodontic Bracket after Water Storage

Objective. To determine the effect of lactic acid at various concentrations on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with the resin adhesive system before and after water storage. Materials and Methods. Hundred extracted human premolars were divided into 5 treatment groups and etched for 30 seconds with one of the following agents: lactic acid solution with (A) 10%, (B) 20%, (C...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Progress in Orthodontics

سال: 2013

ISSN: 2196-1042

DOI: 10.1186/2196-1042-14-22