Effect of concentration on virus removal for ultrafiltration membrane in drinking water production

Removal of pathogenic microorganisms as viruses during drinking water production was evaluated by ultrafiltration. Two enteric (ADV 41 and CV-B5) were compared to the MS2 bacteriophage, largely used in literature membrane producers virus surrogate. The effect feed concentration on ultrafiltration efficiency has been assessed. For three viruses, low retentions about 1 log observed at lowest concentrations. At higher concentrations, an increase removal up 3.0 for CV-B5 phage 3.5 ADV observed. These results highlight potential overestimation UF laboratory experiments realized high concentrations found environmental resources production. Virus removals with Evian real groundwater achieved similar or slightly viruses. Finally, impact ageing after chlorine exposure checked. It that degradations, visible a permeability dose did not affect