Biofloc Systems for Sustainable Production of Economically Important Aquatic Species: A Review

The increasing global population has led to an increase in food demand; consequently, aquaculture is one of the production sectors that offered opportunities alleviate hunger, malnutrition, and poverty. However, development a sustainable industry been hindered by limited availability natural resources as well its negative impact on surrounding environment. Hence, there urgent need search for better aquacultural systems that, despite their high productivity profitability, utilize fewer such water, energy, land, capital conjunction with negligible Biofloc technology (BFT) most exciting promising systems; it takes into account intensive culture aquatic species, zero water exchange, improved quality result beneficial microbial biomass activity, which, at same time, can be utilized nutritious feed, thus lowering costs production. Furthermore, BFT permits installation integrated multi-trophic (IMTA) which wastes organism are feed another organism, without detrimental effect co-cultured species. This review, therefore, highlights basics BFT, factors associated successful significance this system economically important economic aspects, drawbacks, limitations, recommended management aspects aquaculture.