Activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway by natural and synthetic chalcones: a therapeutic road map for oxidative stress

Introduction:Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway plays a key role in diverse gene expressions responsible for protection against oxidative stress and xenobiotics. Chalcones with common chemical scaffold of 1,3-diaryl-2- propen-1-one, are abundantly present nature wide variety pharmacological properties. This review will discuss the interactions natural synthetic chalcones Nrf2 signaling.Areas covered:Chalcones reportedly found to activate pathway, expression Nrf2-regulated antioxidant genes, induce cytoprotective proteins upregulate multidrug resistance-associated proteins. being soft electrophiles less prone hostile off-target effects unlikely carcinogenicity mutagenicity. Furthermore, their low toxicity, structural diversity, feasibility reorganization presence α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group which makes them suitable drug candidates targeting Nrf2-dependent diseases.Expert opinion:Nrf2-Keap1 central redox signaling. However, available therapeutic agents activation have limited practical applications due associated risks, relatively efficacy bioavailability. The designing fabrication new entities chalcone scaffold-based Michael acceptor mechanism should be aimed as potential activators target inflammation-mediated diseases such atherosclerosis, Parkinson’s disease many more.