A Bacterial Iron Exporter for Maintenance of Iron Homeostasis

Control of bacterial iron homeostasis by manganese.

Perception and response to nutritional iron availability by bacteria are essential to control cellular iron homeostasis. The Irr protein from Bradyrhizobium japonicum senses iron through the status of heme biosynthesis to globally regulate iron-dependent gene expression. Heme binds directly to Irr to trigger its degradation. Here, we show that severe manganese limitation created by growth of a ...

Orchestration of iron homeostasis.

Iron homeostasis and nutritional iron deficiency.

Nonheme food ferritin (FTN) iron minerals, nonheme iron complexes, and heme iron contribute to the balance between food iron absorption and body iron homeostasis. Iron absorption depends on membrane transporter proteins DMT1, PCP/HCP1, ferroportin (FPN), TRF2, and matriptase 2. Mutations in DMT1 and matriptase-2 cause iron deficiency; mutations in FPN, HFE, and TRF2 cause iron excess. Intracell...

Iron homeostasis and iron acquisition in plants: maintenance, functions and consequences.

Iron (Fe) is fourth most abundant element in the earth’s crust and is an essential nutrient for almost all organisms. Its solubility and availability are very changeable depending on soil pH and Eh and as a result, iron can be deficient under alkaline and oxidative conditions, whereas it can be present in excess under acidic and submerged conditions: both situations can generate serious nutriti...

Systemic iron homeostasis.

The iron hormone hepcidin and its receptor and cellular iron exporter ferroportin control the major fluxes of iron into blood plasma: intestinal iron absorption, the delivery of recycled iron from macrophages, and the release of stored iron from hepatocytes. Because iron losses are comparatively very small, iron absorption and its regulation by hepcidin and ferroportin determine total body iron...